Gingivitis is a common and mild form of gum disease (periodontal disease) that causes irritation, redness, and swelling (inflammation) of the gingiva, the part of the gum around the base of the teeth.

Gingivitis (gum inflammation) usually happens before periodontitis (gum disease). But not all gingivitis leads to periodontitis.

Periodontitis and gingivitis and are major causes of tooth loss in adults.

Plaque is the primary cause of gum disease. Other factors that may contribute to the disease include:

Hormonal changes

Poor oral hygiene

Bad habits such as smoking

Genetics

In Ayurveda, the different stages of gingivitis are described in terms of Dantapupputa, Suashira and Sheetad. Most often, gingivitis occurs due to a disorder of Pitta and Kapha doshas.

Treatment methods for gum disease are determined by the Ayurvedic doctor and vary depending on the cause of the disease and other factors.